Which amendment abolished slavery in the United States?

The 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution is the one that abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. Ratified in December 1865, it marked a significant turning point in American history, as it legally ended the practice of slavery that had existed since the early colonial period. By ensuring that slavery could no longer be legally practiced, the 13th Amendment paved the way for subsequent civil rights advancements and the eventual pursuit of equality for all individuals, regardless of race.

In contrast, the other amendments listed serve different purposes: the 14th Amendment addresses citizenship rights and equal protection under the law, the 15th Amendment prohibits the denial of the right to vote based on race, and the 19th Amendment grants women the right to vote. Each of these amendments plays a critical role in the expansion of civil rights, but the specific action of abolishing slavery is solely attributed to the 13th Amendment.